What is the term for an area on land or water that is used for the arrival and departure of aircraft?

The term used to describe an area on land or water designated for the arrival and departure of aircraft is "aerodrome." An aerodrome encompasses all facilities needed for aircraft operation, which can include runways, taxiways, hangars, and sometimes terminals for passengers.

This term is fundamental in aviation terminology as it captures the broader scope of what is involved in a location where aircraft operate, beyond just the basic runways or landing areas. It can pertain to any location, regardless of its size or the level of infrastructure present, and is applicable to both airports and heliports, which may be equipped differently but serve similar functions in supporting aviation activities.

While other terms might describe specific features or operations associated with aviation, "aerodrome" is the comprehensive term that encompasses all facilities involved in the movement of aircraft.