What was developed to avoid confusion in the interpretation of time in a 12-hour cycle?

The 24-hour clock system was developed to provide a clear and unambiguous method of expressing time, especially in international contexts where misunderstandings can have serious implications, such as in aviation and military operations. By using a single time format that delineates hours from midnight (00:00) to just before the next midnight (23:59), the 24-hour clock effectively eliminates the potential for confusion that often arises with the 12-hour clock system, which relies on the use of "AM" and "PM." This is particularly critical in industries where precise timing is essential, such as in air traffic control and flight operations, where misunderstandings could lead to dangerous situations.

The clarity provided by the 24-hour clock makes it an essential standard for the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), ensuring that all parties understand the timing involved without ambiguity. This uniformity in timekeeping supports smoother communication and coordination globally.